AP Biology Study Guide chapter 2 & Scientific Method

Front

What is an isotope?

Back

An isotope is one of several atomic forms of an element, each with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons, thus differing in atomic mass.

Front

What explains the greater mass number of nitrogen-15 compared to nitrogen-14?

Back

Nitrogen-15 contains 8 neutrons and nitrogen-14 contains 7 neutrons.

Front

How many neutrons does fluorine have if its atomic number is 9 and its atomic mass is 19?

Back

Fluorine has 10 neutrons.

Front

How many protons are in Chromium-58?

Back

Chromium-58 has 24 protons.

Front

What causes the reactivity of an atom?

Back

The reactivity of an atom arises from the existence of unpaired electrons in the valence shell.

Front

What is the atomic number?

Back

The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which determines the element's identity.

Front

What is the atomic mass?

Back

The atomic mass is the weighted average mass of an element's isotopes, measured in atomic mass units (amu).

Front

Define valence electrons.

Back

Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell of an atom that are involved in chemical bonding.

Front

What is the significance of the periodic table?

Back

The periodic table organizes elements based on their atomic number, electron configuration, and recurring chemical properties.

Front

What is a chemical bond?

Back

A chemical bond is a lasting attraction between atoms that enables the formation of chemical compounds.