All About DNA and processes

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What is DNA?

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DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) is the molecule that carries the genetic instructions for life. It is composed of two strands that coil around each other to form a double helix.

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What is RNA?

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RNA (Ribonucleic Acid) is a molecule that plays a crucial role in the synthesis of proteins. It is single-stranded and contains the base uracil instead of thymine.

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What are the four nitrogen bases in DNA?

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The four nitrogen bases in DNA are Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G).

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What is the base pairing rule in DNA?

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In DNA, Adenine pairs with Thymine (A-T) and Cytosine pairs with Guanine (C-G).

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What is a nucleotide?

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A nucleotide is the basic building block of DNA and RNA, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base.

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What is the structure of DNA?

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DNA has a double helix structure, which looks like a twisted ladder, with the sugar and phosphate forming the sides and the nitrogen bases forming the rungs.

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What is mRNA?

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mRNA (messenger RNA) is a type of RNA that carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

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What is transcription?

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Transcription is the process by which the information in a DNA strand is copied into a complementary RNA strand.

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What is translation?

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Translation is the process by which the sequence of nucleotides in mRNA is used to assemble amino acids into a protein.

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What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

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Ribosomes are the cellular structures where translation occurs, reading the mRNA sequence and facilitating the assembly of amino acids into proteins.