Climate and Biosphere Concepts

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Components of the biosphere

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The biosphere includes all living organisms on Earth, along with the environments in which they live.

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Energy flow through the biosphere

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Energy flows through the biosphere primarily through the processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration.

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The albedo effect

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The albedo effect refers to the reflection of solar radiation by Earth's surface, affecting climate and temperature.

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The greenhouse effect

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The greenhouse effect is the warming of Earth's surface due to the trapping of heat by greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

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Climate vs. weather

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Climate refers to long-term atmospheric conditions, while weather describes short-term changes in the atmosphere.

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Other factors that affect climate

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Factors such as ocean currents, volcanic activity, and human activities can influence climate.

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Techniques for studying climate change

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Techniques include ice core analysis, tree ring studies, and satellite observations.

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Human activity & climate change

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Human activities, such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation, contribute to climate change.

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Biomes and climate modelling

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Biomes are large ecological areas with distinct climates, and climate models predict changes in these areas.

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Impact of climate change on Earth’s biomes & human populations

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Climate change affects biodiversity, ecosystem services, and human livelihoods.