Earth Science Mid-Term

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Latitude

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Latitude indicates the distance north or south of the equator. It is measured as 0° N, 0° S.

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Astronomy

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is the study of the universe that includes Earth. Astronomy explores celestial bodies and the cosmos.

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Oceanography

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is the study of the Earth's oceans. Oceanography examines ocean currents, marine life, and oceanic processes.

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Earth's Shape

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is an oblate spheroid, slightly flatter at the poles. This shape affects gravity and climate patterns.

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Polaris

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, the North Star, is used to determine latitude. Polaris is a fixed point in the sky for navigation.

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Contour Intervals

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The distance between each contour line

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Isotherms

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Areas of the same temperature

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Earth's layers in order

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Inner core → Outer core → Mantle (asthenosphere) → Crust

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Earth's crust

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Known as the lithosphere

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Characteristics of sedimentary rocks

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Form from compaction and cementation of sediments, may form in layers