Modern theoretical perspectives in sociology

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Structural-functional theory

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Structural-functional theory addresses the question of social organization (structure) and how it is maintained (function).

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Functions of of social structures

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Functions are consequences of social structures that have positive eff ects on the stability of society.

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Dysfunctions of social structures

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Dysfunctions are consequences of social structures that have negative eff ects on the stability of society.

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Evolution

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Evolution—the mostly peaceful adaptation of

social structures to new needs and demands and the elimination of unnecessary or

outmoded structures.

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Conflict theory

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Conflict theory addresses the points of stress and conflict in society and the ways in which they contribute to social change.

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Symbolic interaction theory

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Symbolic interaction theory addresses the subjective meanings of human acts and the processes through which people come to develop and communicate shared meanings.