Keystone Species and Trophic Cascades

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What is a keystone species?

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A keystone species is a species that has a disproportionately large effect on its environment relative to its abundance. Its removal can lead to significant changes in the ecosystem.

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What is a trophic cascade?

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A trophic cascade is an ecological phenomenon triggered by the addition or removal of top predators, which results in changes in the population sizes of species at different trophic levels.

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What are strong interactions in an ecosystem?

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Strong interactions are relationships between species that have a significant impact on each other's population dynamics and the overall structure of the ecosystem.

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What happens to an ecosystem when a keystone species is removed?

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The removal of a keystone species can lead to dramatic changes in the type and number of species in the ecosystem, often resulting in a loss of biodiversity.

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What role do apex predators play in an ecosystem?

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Apex predators are at the top of the food web and help regulate the populations of other species, maintaining the balance of the ecosystem.

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How do sea otters affect kelp forests?

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Sea otters control the population of sea urchins, which are herbivores that feed on kelp. Without sea otters, sea urchin populations can explode, leading to the destruction of kelp forests.

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What is the relationship between sea otters and sea urchins?

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Sea otters are a natural predator of sea urchins, and their presence helps keep sea urchin populations in check, promoting the health of kelp forests.

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What is the significance of biodiversity in an ecosystem?

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Biodiversity contributes to the resilience of an ecosystem, allowing it to withstand environmental changes and disturbances.

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What is the impact of removing an apex predator from an ecosystem?

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Removing an apex predator can lead to overpopulation of prey species, which can result in overgrazing and depletion of vegetation, disrupting the entire ecosystem.

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What is the concept of ecological balance?

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Ecological balance refers to the state of equilibrium between living organisms and their environment, where species coexist and resources are used sustainably.