D2.2 Gene expression

Front

• What is gene expression?

Back

• Gene expression is the process by which information in genes is used to produce a functional product, such as a protein, that affects the phenotype.

Front

What are the two main stages of gene expression?

Back

• The two main stages of gene expression are transcription and translation.

Front

Where does transcription occur in eukaryotic cells?

Back

• Transcription occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.

Front

Where does translation occur in eukaryotic cells?

Back

• Translation occurs in the cytoplasm, specifically on the ribosomes.

Front

What is the role of proteins in gene expression?

Back

• Proteins, such as enzymes, are the functional products of gene expression that carry out specific tasks in the cell.

Front

What is the phenotype?

Back

• The phenotype is the observable characteristics or traits of an organism, influenced by gene expression.

Front

What is the relationship between genotype and phenotype?

Back

• The genotype refers to an organism's genetic makeup, while the phenotype is the physical expression of the genotype.

Front

How does gene expression affect phenotype?

Back

• Gene expression produces proteins that influence the development of traits, thereby determining the phenotype.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in gene expression?

Back

• mRNA carries the genetic information from the DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome, where it is used to synthesize proteins.

Front

What is a protein's role in gene expression?

Back

• A protein's function is determined by the gene it is encoded by, affecting the organism's phenotype.