Argumentative Unit- Palmer

Front

Claim

Back

The central position the author supports in the argument. Example: School should start later.

Front

Opposing viewpoint

Back

A position that is the opposite of another position.

Front

Reason

Back

A statement that supports a position. Ask yourself- WHY and the reason is your answer. Example: If school started later, students could get more sleep.

Front

Evidence

Back

Facts, statistics, and examples that show why a claim should be believed; evidence supports and 'holds up' a claim. Example: A study by the Sleep Institute found that 47 percent of kids aren’t getting enough sleep.

Front

Explanation (think "E" in R.A.C.E.S)

Back

The process of showing HOW your evidence connects to and supports your claim in your own words.

Example: Not getting enough sleep can lead to negative health consequences that impact students’ ability to learn.

Front

Counterclaim

Back

An acknowledgment of a concern or disagreement from those with opposing viewpoints. Example: Some may argue that starting school later won’t help kids get more sleep, that they’ll just go to bed later.

Front

Rebuttal

Back

An author’s direct response to an opposing viewpoint or claim (the 'comeback' to a counterclaim). Example: While some may argue that starting school later won’t help kids get more sleep, a 2018 study found that students’ sleep increased after start times were moved later.

Front

Argument

Back

A position or viewpoint along with the claims and evidence used to support that position.

Front

Relevant

Back

Having to do with the matter being considered; important and connected. Irrelevant claims or evidence weaken an argument.

Front

Sufficient

Back

Enough; adequate. Insufficient evidence and reasoning weaken an argument.