Science Grade 4 Big Idea 10 & 11

Front

What is conduction?

Back

Conduction is the transfer of heat through a material without the movement of the material itself. It occurs when two objects at different temperatures come into contact.

Front

What is convection?

Back

Convection is the transfer of heat through fluids (liquids and gases) caused by the movement of the fluid itself. Warm fluid rises while cooler fluid sinks, creating a circulation pattern.

Front

What is radiation?

Back

Radiation is the transfer of energy through electromagnetic waves. It does not require a medium and can occur in a vacuum, such as sunlight reaching Earth.

Front

What is thermal energy?

Back

Thermal energy is the total energy of all the particles in an object due to their motion. It is related to temperature and heat.

Front

What happens to the temperature of an object when it absorbs heat?

Back

When an object absorbs heat, its temperature increases as the particles within the object move faster.

Front

What is electrical energy?

Back

Electrical energy is the energy caused by the movement of electrons. It powers devices like radios and lights.

Front

What is kinetic energy?

Back

Kinetic energy is the energy of an object in motion. The faster an object moves, the more kinetic energy it has.

Front

What is potential energy?

Back

Potential energy is stored energy based on an object's position or state. For example, a ball at the top of a hill has potential energy due to its height.

Front

What is the law of conservation of energy?

Back

The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.

Front

What is the difference between a conductor and an insulator?

Back

A conductor is a material that allows heat or electricity to flow through it easily (e.g., metals), while an insulator is a material that resists the flow of heat or electricity (e.g., rubber, plastic).