Protein Synthesis Flashcard

A codon is a three-nucleotide sequence in mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid.

Amino acids are organic compounds that combine to form proteins; they are the building blocks of proteins.

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

Translation is the process where ribosomes synthesize proteins using mRNA as a template.

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where translation occurs, facilitating the assembly of amino acids into proteins.

DNA is double-stranded and contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA is single-stranded and contains ribose sugar.

Peptide bonds are the chemical bonds that link amino acids together in a protein.

The start codon is AUG, which signals the beginning of protein synthesis and codes for the amino acid methionine.

Stop codons (UAA, UAG, UGA) signal the termination of protein synthesis.

The genetic code is a set of rules that defines how the sequence of nucleotides in DNA or RNA is translated into proteins.