Front

Crust

Back

The outermost layer of the Earth, composed of rock.

Front

Mantle

Back

The layer of the Earth between the crust and the core, made of semi-solid rock that moves slowly.

Front

Inner Core

Back

The solid innermost layer of the Earth, composed primarily of iron and nickel.

Front

Outer Core

Back

The liquid layer of the Earth's core that lies beneath the mantle and surrounds the inner core.

Front

Seafloor Spreading

Back

The process by which new oceanic crust is formed at mid-ocean ridges and slowly moves away from the ridge.

Front

Pangaea

Back

A supercontinent that existed during the late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic eras, before breaking apart into the continents we know today.

Front

Convection Currents

Back

The circular movement of fluid in the mantle caused by the heat from the core, driving plate tectonics.

Front

Plate Tectonics

Back

The theory explaining the movement of the Earth's plates and the processes that occur at their boundaries.

Front

Divergent Plate Boundary

Back

A tectonic boundary where two plates are moving away from each other, often resulting in seafloor spreading.

Front

Convergent Plate Boundary

Back

A tectonic boundary where two plates are moving towards each other, often resulting in mountain formation or subduction.