Periodic Trends

Front

What is atomic radius?

Back

The atomic radius is the distance from the nucleus of an atom to the outermost shell of electrons. It generally increases down a group and decreases across a period.

Front

Which element has the largest atomic radius in the periodic table?

Back

Francium (Fr) has the largest atomic radius due to its position in Group 1 and Period 7.

Front

What is ionization energy?

Back

Ionization energy is the energy required to remove an electron from a neutral atom in its gaseous state. It generally increases across a period and decreases down a group.

Front

How does atomic radius affect ionization energy?

Back

Atoms with a smaller radius have higher ionization energy because the electrons are closer to the nucleus and are held more tightly.

Front

What is the trend of ionization energy across a period?

Back

Ionization energy generally increases across a period from left to right due to increasing nuclear charge.

Front

What is the trend of atomic radius down a group?

Back

Atomic radius generally increases down a group due to the addition of electron shells.

Front

What is an anion?

Back

An anion is a negatively charged ion that is formed when an atom gains one or more electrons.

Front

What is a cation?

Back

A cation is a positively charged ion that is formed when an atom loses one or more electrons.

Front

Which type of ion typically has a smaller radius than the neutral atom?

Back

Cations (positively charged ions) typically have a smaller radius than the neutral atom because they lose electrons.

Front

Which type of ion typically has a larger radius than the neutral atom?

Back

Anions (negatively charged ions) typically have a larger radius than the neutral atom because they gain electrons.