Chapter 1

Front

Learning

Back

A relatively permanent change in behaviour as a result of experience.

Front

Behaviour

Back

Observable action, measurable, reaction to experience, e.g., emotions, allergies. Doesn't have to be immediate.

Front

Experience

Back

A situation you learn from; the behaviour cannot be manipulated or 'taken away'.

Front

Connectionism

Back

Learning involves prediction. Learning is a prediction game.

Front

Classical conditioning

Back

Process by which certain inborn behaviours come to be elicited in new circumstances. Behaviour shown as a reflexive or 'involuntary' response, e.g., salivating in response to food.

Front

Nativism vs. Empiricism

Back

Nativism (nature) assumes abilities and tendencies are largely inborn. Empiricism (nurture) assumes abilities and tendencies are mostly learned. Aristotle was an empiricist.

Front

Law of Similarity

Back

Events that are similar to each other are readily associated with each other, e.g., cars and trucks.

Front

Law of Contrast

Back

Events that are opposite from each other are readily associated, e.g., black and white.

Front

Law of Contiguity

Back

Events that occur in close proximity to each other are readily associated, e.g., thunder and lightning.

Front

Law of Frequency

Back

The more frequently two items occur together, the more strongly they are associated. A supplement to the law of contiguity.