Heredity & Genetics

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What is heredity?

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Heredity is the passing of traits from parents to offspring through genes.

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What is a gene?

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A gene is a segment of DNA that contains the instructions for building a specific protein or trait.

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What is a dominant allele?

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A dominant allele is an allele that expresses its trait even when only one copy is present.

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What is a recessive allele?

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A recessive allele is an allele that only expresses its trait when two copies are present.

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What does a Punnett square show?

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A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the genetic outcomes of a cross between two organisms.

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What is a phenotype?

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A phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by its genotype.

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What is a genotype?

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A genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism, representing the alleles it carries.

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What is a pedigree chart?

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A pedigree chart is a diagram that shows the occurrence and appearance of phenotypes of a particular gene or organism from one generation to the next.

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What is the principle of segregation?

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The principle of segregation states that during the formation of gametes, the two alleles for a trait separate from each other.

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What is the principle of independent assortment?

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The principle of independent assortment states that alleles for different traits are distributed to gametes independently of one another.