Checks and balances

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Checks and balances

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A system that ensures no one branch of government becomes too powerful by allowing each branch to limit the powers of the others.

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Federal government

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The national government of the United States, which shares power with state governments.

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Executive branch

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The branch of government responsible for enforcing laws; headed by the President.

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Judicial branch

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The branch of government responsible for interpreting laws and administering justice; includes the Supreme Court.

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Legislative branch

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The branch of government responsible for making laws; consists of Congress.

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Congress

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The legislative body of the United States government, composed of the Senate and the House of Representatives.

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Senate

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The upper chamber of Congress, consisting of two senators from each state.

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House of Representatives

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The lower chamber of Congress, with representatives based on the population of each state.

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Constitutional Convention

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The 1787 meeting in Philadelphia where the US Constitution was negotiated and written by delegates from the 13 states.

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Bill of Rights

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The first ten amendments to the US Constitution, guaranteeing individual liberties and rights protected by the federal government.