IF Review March 5th Biology Evolution Sb 6

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What is speciation?

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The process by which new species develop from existing species, often due to genetic divergence and reproductive isolation.

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What is genetic mutation?

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A change in the DNA sequence that can lead to variations in traits, some of which may confer advantages in survival and reproduction.

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What is antibiotic resistance?

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The ability of bacteria to survive and grow in the presence of antibiotics that would normally kill them or inhibit their growth.

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What is the role of ribosomes in cells?

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Ribosomes are cellular structures that synthesize proteins by translating messenger RNA (mRNA) into amino acid sequences.

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What is natural selection?

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The process by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.

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What is the significance of common ancestry in evolution?

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Common ancestry suggests that different species share a genetic heritage, indicating that they evolved from a common ancestor.

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What is pesticide resistance?

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The ability of certain insect populations to survive pesticide applications due to genetic traits that confer resistance.

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What is the difference between dominant and recessive alleles?

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Dominant alleles express their traits even in the presence of a recessive allele, while recessive alleles only express their traits when paired with another recessive allele.

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What is the importance of genetic diversity?

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Genetic diversity increases a population's ability to adapt to changing environments and resist diseases.

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What is the concept of fitness in evolutionary biology?

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Fitness refers to an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in its environment, contributing to the gene pool of the next generation.