0973 07 Acids, Bases and Salts SUPPLEMENT

Front

Define acid in terms of ions.

Back

A proton donor. Or a substance which releases H⁺ ions in solution

Front

What ions do all acids form in aqueous solutions?

Back

hydrogen ions (H⁺)

Front

What does "acids ionise in aqueous solution" mean?

Back

acid molecules release hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water

Front

State three common acids and give their formulae

Back

Hydrochloric acid, HCl(aq), Sulphuric acid, H₂SO₄(aq), Nitric acid, HNO₃

Front

Which ions do HCl, H₂SO₄ and HNO₃ form in solution?

Back

HCl forms H⁺ and Cl⁻, H₂SO₄ forms 2H⁺ and SO₄²⁻, HNO₃ forms H⁺ and NO₃⁻

Front

State and explain whether SO₂ and CO₂ are acidic or basic oxides.

Back

They are both acidic oxides because they are non-metal oxides

Front

State and explain whether CuO and CaO are acidic or basic oxides.

Back

They are both basic oxides because they are metal oxides

Front

What is a base? (core)

Back

A metal oxide or hydroxide

Front

What is a base?

Back

A proton acceptor. Or a substance that can neutralise an acid to form a salt and water (e.g. a metal oxide, hydroxide or carbonate)

Front

What is an alkali?

Back

A soluble base. E.g. sodium hydroxide