MI 4.2-4.4 Key Terms

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NOTA

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A federal act that established the framework for a national system of organ transplantation.

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Antigens

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A protein that elicits an immune response by lymphocytes if it is foreign.

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HLA-Human Leukocyte Antigens

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Antigens on white blood cells in the body that allow the immune system to recognize whether a cell is foreign to the body.

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OPTN-Organ Procurement & Transplantation Network

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A network responsible for formulating organ allocation policies administered by the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) as a result of NOTA.

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Haplotype

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A group of alleles inherited from the same parent for a trait.

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Histocompatibility

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A state of mutual tolerance between tissues that allows them to be grafted effectively.

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Laparoscopic Surgery

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A minimally invasive surgery involving a camera and instruments inserted into the abdomen with three small incisions (using a robot or without).

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Tissue Typing

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Tests which determine the degree of compatibility of tissues or organs from different individuals based on the HLA antigens that are coded for by the MHC.

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Antibodies

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A protein secreted by B cells that binds to a particular antigen and marks it for elimination.

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Trocar

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Surgical instruments inserted into a body cavity to perform the surgery (can be on a robotic arm controlled at a kiosk by the surgeon or directly over the patient by a surgeon without a robot).