GB2425S2 Test Chapter 8B Genetics

Front

What is the genotype of a person in F2 labeled II-4 if it is Aa?

Back

The genotype is Aa, indicating that the individual is heterozygous for the trait.

Front

What does 'True Breeding' mean in genetics?

Back

The modern term for 'True Breeding' is homozygous, meaning that an organism has two identical alleles for a trait.

Front

What is an autosomal dominant trait?

Back

An autosomal dominant trait is one that is expressed in individuals who have at least one dominant allele.

Front

What is a dominant allele?

Back

A dominant allele is an allele that always shows its effect in the phenotype, even if only one copy is present.

Front

If both parents are heterozygous for a trait, what is the probability their child will express the recessive trait?

Back

The probability is 25%, as shown in a Punnett square for two heterozygous parents.

Front

Define homozygous.

Back

Homozygous refers to having two identical alleles for a particular gene.

Front

Define heterozygous.

Back

Heterozygous refers to having two different alleles for a particular gene.

Front

What is a recessive allele?

Back

A recessive allele is an allele that only shows its effect if the individual has two copies of it.

Front

What is the difference between dominant and recessive traits?

Back

Dominant traits are expressed with one copy of the allele, while recessive traits require two copies to be expressed.

Front

What is a Punnett square used for?

Back

A Punnett square is used to predict the genotypes of offspring from parental genotypes.