Ecosystems and Biodiversity Flashcard

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What are abiotic factors in an ecosystem?

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Abiotic factors are the non-living components of an ecosystem, such as sunlight, water, soil, temperature, and nutrients that affect living organisms.

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How do earthworms benefit a garden ecosystem?

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Earthworms create tunnels in the soil, which improves aeration and drainage, and helps in the decomposition of organic matter, enriching the soil.

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What is competition in an ecosystem?

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Competition occurs when two or more organisms vie for the same resources, such as food, water, or space, which can limit their growth and survival.

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What is the relationship between predator and prey populations?

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Predator and prey populations are interdependent; as the prey population increases, the predator population may also increase due to more available food, and vice versa.

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What is an example of a biotic factor in an ecosystem?

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Biotic factors are the living components of an ecosystem, such as plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria.

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How does deforestation impact ecosystems?

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Deforestation can lead to habitat loss, decreased biodiversity, and changes in local climate and water cycles.

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What role do ferns play in an ecosystem?

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Ferns can provide ground cover, prevent soil erosion, and serve as habitat for various organisms.

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What is the significance of biodiversity in ecosystems?

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Biodiversity enhances ecosystem resilience, productivity, and stability, allowing ecosystems to better withstand environmental changes.

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How do oil rigs affect marine ecosystems?

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When oil rigs are sunk, they can create artificial reefs, providing habitats for marine organisms, but may also pose risks of pollution.

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What is the concept of carrying capacity in an ecosystem?

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Carrying capacity is the maximum number of individuals of a species that an environment can sustainably support without degrading the habitat.