N5 3.3 Photosynthesis flash cards

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Photosynthesis

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A two-stage reaction which converts light energy into chemical energy. "Photo" means light, and "synthesis" means to make.

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Chloroplast

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Site of photosynthesis.

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Chlorophyll

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Green pigment found in chloroplasts that traps light energy.

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ATP

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Adenosine Triphosphate, a molecule made of one adenosine molecule and three phosphate groups. It contains energy required for cellular activities. Energy is released by breaking ATP into ADP and a phosphate group.

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Light Reactions

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Stage 1 of photosynthesis. Light energy absorbed by chlorophyll is converted into chemical energy, splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen. Requires light and is controlled by enzymes.

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Carbon Fixation

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Stage 2 of photosynthesis. ATP is broken down to release energy, combining hydrogen with carbon dioxide to produce sugar. Does not require light and is controlled by enzymes.

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Sugar

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A carbohydrate. Glucose is produced during photosynthesis.

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Starch

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A carbohydrate. Plants convert sugar produced during photosynthesis into starch for storage, converting it back into glucose when needed for respiration.

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Cellulose

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Sugar produced during photosynthesis can be converted to cellulose for structural uses.

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Limiting Factor

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A factor which, if in short supply, limits or reduces the rate of photosynthesis, such as temperature, light intensity, and carbon dioxide concentration.