CFA 14 Basic Genetics

Front

What are the possible genotypes of the offspring when a heterozygous tall pea plant (Tt) is crossed with a short pea plant (tt)?

Back

50% Tt, 50% tt

Front

What is a gene?

Back

A section of DNA that contains instructions for building a protein.

Front

What does heterozygous mean?

Back

An organism that has different genes for a trait (Tt).

Front

What is one advantage of sexual reproduction?

Back

Offspring inherit a wider variety of genetic information.

Front

Which cell types are formed by meiosis?

Back

Sperm cells.

Front

What is the genotype of a homozygous tall pea plant?

Back

TT.

Front

What is the phenotype of a pea plant with genotype Tt?

Back

Tall.

Front

What does homozygous mean?

Back

An organism that has the same genes for a trait (TT or tt).

Front

What is the purpose of meiosis?

Back

To produce gametes (sperm and egg cells) with half the number of chromosomes.

Front

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Back

Genotype refers to the genetic makeup (e.g., Tt), while phenotype refers to the observable traits (e.g., tall or short).