internal energy of an ideal gas

total kinetic energy associated with random motion of molecules plus total potential energy (of molecules) but potential energy is zero

internal energy of a system

sum of potential energy and kinetic energy (of particles) (total) energy of random motion of particles

(gas that obeys) pV  T (for all values of p,V and T) where T is thermodynamic temperature

(thermal) energy per unit mass (to cause change of state) (thermal) energy to change state at constant temperature

three of the basic assumptions of the kinetic theory of gases

• molecules are in (constant) random motion • (all) collisions between molecules are (perfectly) elastic • no forces between molecules (except during collisions) • volume of molecules is negligible (compared with volume of gas) • collisions involving molecules are instantaneous

first law of thermodynamics

change in internal energy = work done + energy transfer by heating C1 describe direction

specific heat capacity

(thermal) energy per unit mass (to cause temperature change) (thermal) energy per unit change in temperature

specific latent heat of fusion

(thermal) energy per unit mass (to cause change of state) (energy transfer during) change of state between solid and liquid at constant temperature

no net energy transfer between the bodies

oscillations (of object) at maximum amplitude when driving frequency equals natural frequency (of object)

simple harmonic motion

acceleration (directly) proportional to displacement acceleration is in opposite direction to displacement

loss of energy caused by force acting in opposite direction to its motion

(electric) force is (directly) proportional to product of charges force (between point charges) is inversely proportional to the square of their separation

direction of force force on a positive charge

electric field strength

force on a positive charge force per unit charge

region where charge experiences an (electric) force

charge / potential (difference) charge is charge on one plate, and potential is p.d. between the plates

direction of (induced) e.m.f. is such as to (produce effects that) oppose the change that caused it

product of (magnetic) flux density and area area perpendicular to the (magnetic) field

magnetic flux density

force per unit current force per unit length current / wire is perpendicular to (magnetic) field (lines)

magnetic flux linkage

(magnetic) flux density × area × number of turns area is perpendicular to (magnetic) field

region (of space) where a particle experiences a force

a region where a magnet / magnetic material / moving charge / current carrying conductor experiences a force

root-mean-square (r.m.s.) value of an alternating current

the steady current that produces the same heating effect (as the alternating current)

packet / quantum of energy of electromagnetic radiation

emission of electrons (from a metal surface) when electromagnetic radiation is incident (on electrons)

minimum energy of photon required for an electron to leave surface

minimum frequency for electron(s) to be emitted

random (radioactive decay)

cannot predict when a particular nucleus will decay Such as temperature, pressure, etc.

spontaneous (radioactive decay)

(decay is) not affected by external (environmental) factors Constant probability of decay per unit time of a nucleus

binding energy of a nucleus

(minimum) energy required to separate the nucleons (of a nucleus) to infinity

spontaneous emission of (ionising) radiation emission from unstable nucleus

nuclear fission reaction

a (single) large nucleus divides to form (smaller) nuclei

probability of decay (of a nucleus)

two nuclei combine to form a (single) nucleus

a (single) large nucleus divides to form (smaller) nuclei

(photons of) electromagnetic radiation emitted from nuclei

tracer (PET scanning)

substance containing radioactive nuclei that is introduced into the body

annihilation (pet scan)

a particle interacting with an antiparticle so that its mass is converted into energy

specific acoustic impedance

product of density and speed speed of ultrasound in medium

purpose of computed tomography (CT scanning).

to produce a 3-dimensional image of structure/body

A Phys Flashcards

Student preview

63 questions

Show all answers

1.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

radian

Back

angle (subtended at centre of circle) when arc length = radius

2.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

centripetal acceleration

Back

acceleration perpendicular to velocity

3.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

gravitational field

Back

where a mass experiences force

4.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

gravitational potential at a point

Back

work done per unit mass to move mass from infinity to the point

5.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Newton’s law of gravitation.

Back

(gravitational) force is (directly) proportional to product of masses

(gravitational) force is (indirectly) proportional to square of separation

6.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

relationship between gravitational potential and gravitational field strength

Back

(gravitational) field strength equals (gravitational) potential gradient

7.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

line of gravitational force

Back

direction of force on a (small test) mass

path in which a (small test) mass will move

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