Pluralism and Theology

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Noumenal

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Of or related to something mind-independent (what x is in-and-of-itself). Hick uses Kant's distinction between the phenomenal and noumenal realms when describing his Unitary Theological Pluralism (UTP).

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What is a soteriological claim?

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A truth claim about what is sufficient or necessary for salvation.

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A truth claim is...

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A proposition that is asserted to be true (a proposition that is given doxastic assent).

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Fides ex auditu is when...

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Someone hears and accepts the Gospels as true. Restrictive Access Exclusivists state that fides ex auditu is a soteriological necessity (i.e., necessary for salvation).

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Phenomenal

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Of or relating to phenomena, objects as they are perceived (or the substance of perception itself). Hick uses Kant's distinction between the phenomenal and noumenal realms.

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Universalism

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The belief that everyone (regardless of their religious perspective) will receive salvation eventually because God is benevolent.

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What is 'praxis' and what type of Pluralism mentions it?

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'Praxis' means action, or putting theory into practice. Ethical Theological Pluralists might argue that religious praxis is what makes religions equally valid.

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What was Karl Barth?

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An exclusivist

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What was Karl Rahner?

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A structural inclusivist

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What is an 'anonymous Christian' and what theory does this relate to?

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A term coined by Rahner for someone who is open to God's grace but not a Christian; Structural Inclusivism.