Front

What is the Bohr effect?

Back

The Bohr effect describes how an increase in carbon dioxide concentration and a decrease in pH (increased acidity) lead to hemoglobin releasing more oxygen to the tissues.

Front

What is the Haldane effect?

Back

The Haldane effect refers to the increased ability of deoxygenated hemoglobin to bind carbon dioxide, facilitating CO₂ transport from tissues to the lungs.

Front

What are acinar cells?

Back

Acinar cells are specialized cells in the pancreas that secrete digestive enzymes into the small intestine to aid in food breakdown.

Front

What is pneumothorax?

Back

Pneumothorax is a condition where air enters the pleural space, causing the lung to collapse due to pressure imbalance.

Front

What is the role of the diaphragm in respiration?

Back

The diaphragm is the primary muscle involved in inhalation, contracting to increase thoracic cavity volume and draw air into the lungs.

Front

What is passive elastic recoil?

Back

Passive elastic recoil is the natural tendency of the lungs to return to their resting state after inhalation, facilitating quiet exhalation.

Front

How does surfactant function in the lungs?

Back

Surfactant reduces surface tension in the alveoli by disrupting hydrogen bonds between water molecules, preventing alveolar collapse.

Front

What is the significance of intrapleural pressure?

Back

Intrapleural pressure must be lower than intrapulmonary pressure to keep the lungs inflated and prevent collapse.

Front

What is the difference between intrapulmonary and intrapleural pressure?

Back

Intrapulmonary pressure is the pressure within the lungs, while intrapleural pressure is the pressure within the pleural cavity surrounding the lungs.

Front

What muscles are involved in forced exhalation?

Back

Muscles involved in forced exhalation include the internal intercostals and abdominal muscles.