Unit 1 VCE Biology Cell Cycle

Front

What are homologous chromosomes?

Back

Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes, one inherited from each parent, that are similar in shape, size, and genetic content.

Front

What process do bacteria use to divide?

Back

Bacteria divide by a process called Binary Fission, where a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells.

Front

What is apoptosis?

Back

Apoptosis is the process of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms.

Front

How can you determine the sex of an individual based on chromosomes?

Back

The sex of an individual can be determined by the presence of sex chromosomes: XX for female and XY for male.

Front

During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA replicated?

Back

DNA is replicated during the S phase (Synthesis phase) of the cell cycle.

Front

What is the cell cycle?

Back

The cell cycle is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication, consisting of interphase and the mitotic phase.

Front

What are sister chromatids?

Back

Sister chromatids are identical copies of a chromosome, connected by a centromere, formed during DNA replication.

Front

What is the role of the centromere?

Back

The centromere is the region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids are joined and where the spindle fibers attach during cell division.

Front

What is mitosis?

Back

Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

Front

What is meiosis?

Back

Meiosis is a specialized form of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, resulting in four genetically diverse gametes.