Genetics Review

Front

What is an allele?

Back

An allele is a variant form of a gene that determines a specific trait in an organism.

Front

How many alleles does an offspring receive from each parent?

Back

An offspring receives one allele from each parent.

Front

What is the principle of dominance in genetics?

Back

The principle of dominance states that some alleles are dominant and others are recessive. A dominant allele will mask the effect of a recessive allele.

Front

What is incomplete dominance?

Back

Incomplete dominance is a type of inheritance where the traits of two alleles blend together in the phenotype of the offspring.

Front

What is codominance?

Back

Codominance is a type of inheritance where both alleles in a heterozygous individual are fully expressed, resulting in a phenotype that shows both traits.

Front

What does a Punnett Square illustrate?

Back

A Punnett Square is a diagram used to predict the genotypes of offspring from a genetic cross.

Front

What are phenotypes?

Back

Phenotypes are the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by both genetic makeup and environmental influences.

Front

What is a genotype?

Back

A genotype is the genetic constitution of an individual, specifically the alleles present for a particular gene.

Front

What is the expected phenotype ratio for a monohybrid cross of two heterozygous parents?

Back

The expected phenotype ratio is 3:1, where three offspring exhibit the dominant trait and one exhibits the recessive trait.

Front

What is the difference between homozygous and heterozygous?

Back

Homozygous refers to having two identical alleles for a specific gene, while heterozygous refers to having two different alleles for that gene.