DNA replication and transcription

Front

What is DNA replication?

Back

The process by which a DNA molecule makes a copy of itself, resulting in two identical DNA strands.

Front

What is the role of DNA polymerase in DNA replication?

Back

DNA polymerase is an enzyme that synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides complementary to the template strand.

Front

What is the structure of DNA?

Back

DNA is structured as a double helix, resembling a twisted ladder with two strands running in opposite directions.

Front

What are nucleotides?

Back

Nucleotides are the building blocks of DNA and RNA, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G).

Front

What base pairs with adenine in DNA?

Back

Thymine (T) pairs with adenine (A) in DNA.

Front

What is transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA contains thymine (T), while RNA contains uracil (U) instead of thymine.

Front

What is the complementary RNA sequence for the DNA strand AATCATGGA?

Back

The complementary RNA sequence is UUAUGUCCU.

Front

What is the function of messenger RNA (mRNA)?

Back

mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.