What are the three basic concepts geographers use to explain relationships between locations?

Scale, space, and connection are the three basic concepts used to explain relationships between locations.

A map is a two-dimensional or flat-scale model of the Earth or a portion of its surface, used for reference and communication.

How did mapmaking evolve in the ancient world?

Early maps were simple navigation tools, but later European maps became less mathematical and more fanciful.

What was the significance of mapmaking during the Age of Exploration?

Accurate maps were essential for explorers to reach their destinations without wrecking their ships.

GIScience is the analysis of data relating to Earth acquired through satellite and electronic information technologies.

What is a geographic information system (GIS)?

A GIS is a complex computer system that stores and presents geographic data in layers, such as boundaries, roads, and economic data.

What is remote sensing?

Remote sensing is the acquisition of data about Earth’s surface from satellites or airplanes, used to map features like agriculture and sprawl.

What is GPS and how is it used?

GPS uses satellites to reference locations on the ground, commonly used for navigation and coding precise locations in fieldwork.

What is volunteered geographic information (VGI)?

VGI is the creation and dissemination of geographic data contributed voluntarily by individuals using electronic devices.

What is a mashup in mapping?

A mashup overlays data from one source on top of a mapping service, allowing users to create their own GIS maps.

Map scale shows the relationship between map units and actual distance on Earth, represented as a ratio, written statement, or graphic scale.

What is map projection?

Map projection is the representation of Earth’s curved surface on a flat map, which involves some distortion.

What is the geographic grid?

The geographic grid is a coordinate system using latitude and longitude to describe a place’s location.

What are types of maps used by geographers?

Types of maps include isoline maps, dot distribution maps, choropleth maps, graduated symbol maps, and cartograms.

What is an essential aspect of geography?

Describing the features of a place.

A place name, the most common way of describing a location.

What does a change in place name often reflect?

Cultural motivation and changes in cultural context.

What does the term 'site' refer to in geography?

The physical characteristics of a place, such as climate, water sources, and topography.

What does the term 'situation' describe?

A place in terms of its location relative to other places.

What is a region in geographical terms?

An area of Earth defined by one or more distinctive characteristics.

What is a formal region?

A region with a predominant or universal characteristic, often with well-defined boundaries.

What is a functional region?

An area defined by use or influence of a feature, with 'fuzzy' boundaries.

What is a vernacular (perceptual) region?

A region defined by people's informal sense of place, based on mental maps.

How is culture defined in geography?

A body of customary beliefs, material traits, and social forms of a group.

What are important cultural values in geography?

Language, religion, and ethnicity.

What distinguishes developed regions from developing ones?

Characteristics like per capita income, literacy rates, and TVs per capita.

What is spatial association?

The relationship between the distribution of one feature and another within a region.

What is globalization in geographical analysis?

Globalization is a force or process that engages the world as a whole and results in making something worldwide in scope.

How does economic globalization affect cultural landscapes?

Economic globalization leads to more uniform cultural landscapes across the world, which may threaten distinctive local cultures.

What is the role of transnational corporations in globalization?

Transnational corporations conduct research, operate factories, and sell products in many countries, aiming to maximize local specialization and coordinate each locality’s role in the global economy.

What is the concept of distribution in geography?

Distribution describes the spatial arrangement of objects across Earth’s surface, including aspects like density, concentration, and pattern.

Define density in geographical terms.

Density is the frequency with which something occurs in space, expressed as the number of features per area of land.

What does concentration refer to in geography?

Concentration refers to the extent of a feature’s spread over space, indicating whether objects are clustered or dispersed.

Explain the term 'pattern' in geographical distribution.

Pattern describes whether features are arranged along geometric or other predictable arrangements, such as linear or grid patterns.

How do electronic communications affect spatial interaction?

Electronic communications remove physical barriers to interaction but are limited by unequal access to electronics and the availability of electricity and Internet connections.

What is poststructuralist geography?

Poststructuralist geography examines how powerful groups dominate less powerful ones, how dominated groups occupy space, and confrontations resulting from domination.

What is humanistic geography?

Humanistic geography emphasizes the different ways individuals perceive their surrounding environment.

What is behavioral geography?

Behavioral geography emphasizes understanding the psychological basis for individual human actions in space.

What is uneven development in the context of globalization?

Uneven development refers to the increasing gap in economic conditions between core regions (North America, Europe, East Asia) and peripheral developing regions.

How does gender influence spatial distribution?

Gender roles, based on societal norms, influence the distribution and movement of people across space, often leading to gender inequality.

What is diffusion in geography?

Diffusion is the process by which a cultural trait, people, things, or ideas spread across space from one place to another over time.

Differentiate between relocation and expansion diffusion.

Relocation diffusion involves the physical movement of people, while expansion diffusion is the spread of a feature in an additive process.

What is distance decay?

Distance decay is the phenomenon where contact diminishes with increasing distance and eventually disappears.

What is space-time compression?

Space-time compression describes the reduction in time it takes for something to reach another place, making distant places seem less remote.

Unit 1 Flashcards Flashcards

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66 questions

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1.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is geography?

Back

Geography is the study of where things are and why they are there, focusing on the connections between human activities and the physical environment.

2.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is cartography?

Back

Cartography is the science of map making, which has evolved from rudimentary maps to high-quality, precise maps using electronic devices.

3.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What are the key concepts geographers use to describe locations?

Back

Geographers use the concepts of space, place, and region to describe unique characteristics of locations on Earth.

4.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is the difference between history and geography?

Back

History poses questions of when and why, while geography asks questions of where and why.

5.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What are the two features of human activity in human geography?

Back

Culture and economy are the two features of human activity in human geography.

6.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is a place in geography?

Back

A place is a specific point on Earth, distinguished by a particular characteristic, occupying a unique geographic location.

7.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is a region in geography?

Back

A region is an area of Earth defined by one or more defining characteristics, such as the Midwest or Latin America.

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