sci LL7

Front

Which of the following best explains why upper extremities are more affected than lower extremities in Central Cord Syndrome? The corticospinal tract fibers controlling the arms are located more laterally, The dorsal column tracts controlling arm function are larger, Central cord damage typically affects cervical levels where UE motor tracts are more medial, Arm function relies entirely on spinothalamic tracts

Back

Central cord damage typically affects cervical levels where UE motor tracts are more medial

Front

Damage to the medial vestibulospinal tract would most likely affect which of the following? Limb extension and balance, Visual-motor reflexes, Head and neck control during motion, Voluntary fine motor coordination of the hands

Back

Head and neck control during motion

Front

A lesion affecting the dorsal columns bilaterally would result in which of the following impairments? Loss of pain and temperature sensation, Loss of vibration and proprioception, Spastic paralysis of the limbs, Hyporeflexia and flaccid tone

Back

Loss of vibration and proprioception

Front

Which spinal tract is most involved in regulating posture and locomotor patterns like walking?

Back

Pontine reticulospinal tract

Front

What is the most likely outcome if the anterior horn cells are bilaterally damaged in the spinal cord?

Back

Lower motor neuron weakness at the level of the lesion

Answer explanation

• The cell body of a LMN is located in the anterior (ventral) horn of the spinal cord.

• The axon leaves the spinal cord, travels through peripheral nerves, and ends at the muscle.

So the anterior horn cell IS the lower motor neuron.
Classic examples of anterior horn cell damage:

• Polio (poliomyelitis) — viral infection of anterior horn cells

• ALS — affects both UMNs and LMNs

• Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) — genetic LMN disorder

• Spinal cord trauma — if it hits the anterior horn (especially at the level of the lesion)
  Damage to the spinal cord = UMN signs
  ...except at the anterior horn, where LMNs live
  ...or below L1–L2, where the cauda equina lives (also LMNs)

Front

Which of the following is true regarding the spinothalamic tract? It carries proprioceptive and vibration information, It decussates at the level of the medulla, It carries pain, temperature, and crude touch, It ascends in the dorsal portion of the spinal cord

Back

It carries pain, temperature, and crude touch

Front

Which structure allows the bladder to empty reflexively after a spinal cord injury above S2-S4 spinal segments?

Back

Intact parasympathetic outflow from the conus medullaris

Front

A 32-year-old male sustained a traumatic spinal cord injury resulting in a complete lesion at the C6 level. Which of the following functional outcomes is most likely for this patient with appropriate rehabilitation and assistive technology? Options: Independent ambulation on level surfaces with a walker, Independent bed mobility, pressure relief, and feeding using adaptive equipment, Full independence in toileting and dressing without assistive devices, Independent transfers to all surfaces without equipment or assistance

Back

Independent bed mobility, pressure relief, and feeding using adaptive equipment

Front

Which of the following tracts primarily facilitates extension tone and posture? Corticospinal, Rubrospinal, Vestibulospinal, Spinocerebellar

Back

Vestibulospinal

Front

In a spinal cord injury patient, which of the following signs would most likely indicate autonomic dysreflexia is occurring? A) Slow breathing rate and pinpoint pupils, B) Severe hypotension with flushed skin, C) High blood pressure with bradycardia and headache, D) Fever and profuse sweating below the lesion

Back

High blood pressure with bradycardia and headache