Neglected Diseases

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What is Yaws?

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Yaws is a chronic infectious disease caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum pertenue, characterized by painless skin lesions, primarily affecting children in tropical regions.

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What are the primary symptoms of Leprosy?

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Leprosy primarily affects the skin and peripheral nerves, leading to numbness, hypopigmented skin patches, thickened nerves, and potential deformities such as clawed fingers.

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What is Lymphatic Filariasis?

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Lymphatic Filariasis is a parasitic disease caused by filarial worms, leading to severe swelling of limbs and genitals, often accompanied by recurrent fevers and swollen lymph nodes.

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What is the role of the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine?

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The BCG vaccine is primarily used to protect against tuberculosis but also provides some protection against leprosy.

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What is the causative agent of Yaws?

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The causative agent of Yaws is the bacterium Treponema pallidum pertenue.

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What are the common diagnostic tests for Leprosy?

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Common diagnostic tests for Leprosy include skin smears for acid-fast bacilli and clinical examination of skin lesions and nerve function.

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What are the typical skin lesions associated with Cutaneous Leishmaniasis?

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Cutaneous Leishmaniasis typically presents as ulcerative skin lesions that can be painful and may lead to scarring.

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What is the transmission route of Lymphatic Filariasis?

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Lymphatic Filariasis is transmitted through the bites of infected mosquitoes, which introduce the filarial larvae into the human bloodstream.

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What are the long-term effects of untreated Leprosy?

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Untreated Leprosy can lead to permanent nerve damage, disability, and disfigurement due to skin and tissue damage.

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What is the significance of hypopigmented skin patches in diagnosing Leprosy?

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Hypopigmented skin patches are indicative of nerve damage and loss of sensation, which are characteristic signs of Leprosy.