IB ESS 1.1 Environmental Values Systems

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What is an Ecocentric viewpoint?

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An Ecocentric viewpoint prioritizes the intrinsic value of nature and ecosystems, emphasizing the importance of all living beings and their interconnections, rather than focusing solely on human benefits.

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Who is Rachel Carson?

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Rachel Carson was an American marine biologist and conservationist whose book 'Silent Spring' raised awareness about the dangers of pesticides, leading to environmental reforms and the establishment of the US Environmental Protection Agency.

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What was the Montreal Protocol (1987) aimed at?

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The Montreal Protocol was an international treaty designed to phase out the production and consumption of substances that deplete the ozone layer, specifically targeting chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).

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What is intrinsic value?

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Intrinsic value refers to the worth of something based on its existence, independent of its utility to humans. It recognizes the inherent value of nature and biodiversity.

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What type of pollution was caused by the Chernobyl disaster?

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The Chernobyl disaster resulted in the release of Caesium 137, a radioactive isotope that contaminated large areas of Europe.

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What is an Anthropocentric viewpoint?

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An Anthropocentric viewpoint places humans at the center of consideration, valuing nature primarily for its utility and benefits to human beings.

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What are CFCs?

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Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are man-made compounds used in refrigeration, aerosol propellants, and foam-blowing agents, known for their role in ozone depletion.

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What is Technocentrism?

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Technocentrism is a viewpoint that emphasizes the role of technology in solving environmental problems, often believing that human ingenuity can overcome ecological challenges.

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What is the significance of 'Silent Spring'?

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'Silent Spring' is a pivotal book that highlighted the environmental impacts of pesticides, particularly DDT, and is credited with sparking the modern environmental movement.

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What is the role of the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)?

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The EPA is a governmental agency responsible for protecting human health and the environment by enforcing regulations based on laws passed by Congress.