AP Environmental Science Unit 6: Energy Resources & Consumption

Front

What are oil shale and tar sands?

Back

Oil shale is a sedimentary rock that contains kerogen, which can be converted into oil through heating. Tar sands (or oil sands) are a mixture of sand, clay, water, and bitumen, a heavy form of crude oil.

Front

What is a major environmental concern with extracting oil from tar sands?

Back

The extraction process can lead to significant land disruption, habitat destruction, and high water usage.

Front

What is the efficiency of coal-burning power plants?

Back

Coal-burning power plants are typically about 35% efficient due to energy losses during production and transportation.

Front

Which fuel type produces the most sulfur emissions?

Back

Coal produces the most sulfur emissions compared to other fuel types like wind, biomass, and nuclear fission.

Front

What is the primary method of storing spent nuclear fuel?

Back

Spent nuclear fuel is primarily stored on site at the nuclear power plant where it was used.

Front

What is the projected trend for nuclear energy use from 2008 to 2035?

Back

The use of nuclear energy is projected to have the smallest rise compared to coal, liquids, and natural gas.

Front

What are the challenges associated with extracting oil shale?

Back

Challenges include the deep burial of deposits, high energy requirements for conversion, and significant water usage.

Front

Define 'renewable energy'.

Back

Renewable energy is energy derived from resources that are replenished naturally, such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power.

Front

What is the difference between renewable and non-renewable energy sources?

Back

Renewable energy sources can be replenished naturally over time, while non-renewable sources, like fossil fuels, are finite and will deplete.

Front

What is the role of energy efficiency in power generation?

Back

Energy efficiency refers to using less energy to provide the same service, which reduces waste and environmental impact.