Unit 12: Acids and Bases Exam Review

Front

What is the relationship between [H+] and [OH-] in a solution?

Back

The product of the concentrations of hydrogen ions [H+] and hydroxide ions [OH-] in water at 25°C is constant and equal to 1.0 x 10^-14 (Kw). This means that as the concentration of one increases, the other decreases.

Front

How do you calculate [H+] from [OH-]?

Back

Use the formula [H+] = Kw / [OH-], where Kw = 1.0 x 10^-14.

Front

What is pH and how is it calculated?

Back

pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution, calculated as pH = -log[H+].

Front

What is pOH and how is it calculated?

Back

pOH is a measure of the hydroxide ion concentration in a solution, calculated as pOH = -log[OH-].

Front

How are pH and pOH related?

Back

pH + pOH = 14 at 25°C.

Front

What is the pH of a neutral solution at 25°C?

Back

The pH of a neutral solution at 25°C is 7.

Front

What does it mean if a solution has a pH less than 7?

Back

A solution with a pH less than 7 is considered acidic.

Front

What does it mean if a solution has a pH greater than 7?

Back

A solution with a pH greater than 7 is considered basic.

Front

What is the formula for calculating the concentration of hydroxide ions from pOH?

Back

[OH-] = 10^(-pOH).

Front

What is the significance of Ka in acid-base chemistry?

Back

Ka is the acid dissociation constant, which measures the strength of an acid in solution. A larger Ka value indicates a stronger acid.