Acids & Bases

Front

What is an acid?

Back

An acid is a substance that donates protons (H+) in a solution and has a pH less than 7.

Front

What is a base?

Back

A base is a substance that accepts protons (H+) or donates hydroxide ions (OH-) in a solution and has a pH greater than 7.

Front

What is the pH scale?

Back

The pH scale measures the acidity or basicity of a solution, ranging from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very basic), with 7 being neutral.

Front

What is the formula for calculating pH?

Back

pH = -log[H+], where [H+] is the concentration of hydrogen ions in moles per liter.

Front

What is the relationship between [H+] and [OH-] in water?

Back

In pure water at 25°C, the product of [H+] and [OH-] is always 1.0 x 10^-14.

Front

What is a strong acid?

Back

A strong acid is one that completely dissociates in solution, releasing all of its hydrogen ions.

Front

What is a weak acid?

Back

A weak acid is one that partially dissociates in solution, establishing an equilibrium between the undissociated acid and its ions.

Front

What is titration?

Back

Titration is a laboratory method used to determine the concentration of an unknown acid or base by reacting it with a solution of known concentration.

Front

What is the equivalence point in a titration?

Back

The equivalence point is the point at which the amount of acid equals the amount of base in a titration, resulting in complete neutralization.

Front

How do you calculate the concentration of an acid in a titration?

Back

Use the formula: (C1V1 = C2V2), where C is concentration and V is volume.