Lewis Structures

Front

What is a Lewis structure?

Back

A Lewis structure is a diagram that shows the bonding between atoms of a molecule and the lone pairs of electrons that may exist in the molecule.

Front

How do you determine the number of valence electrons in an atom?

Back

The number of valence electrons can be determined by looking at the group number of the element in the periodic table. For example, phosphorus (P) is in group 15, so it has 5 valence electrons.

Front

What does each line in a Lewis structure represent?

Back

Each line in a Lewis structure represents a pair of shared electrons between two atoms.

Front

What is the significance of lone pairs in Lewis structures?

Back

Lone pairs are pairs of valence electrons that are not shared with another atom. They can affect the shape and reactivity of the molecule.

Front

How do you draw a Lewis structure for a molecule?

Back

1. Count the total number of valence electrons. 2. Arrange the atoms. 3. Connect atoms with single bonds. 4. Distribute remaining electrons to satisfy the octet rule.

Front

What is the octet rule?

Back

The octet rule states that atoms tend to form bonds until they are surrounded by eight valence electrons, achieving a stable electron configuration.

Front

What is the Lewis structure for PBr3?

Back

The Lewis structure for PBr3 shows phosphorus (P) in the center with three bromine (Br) atoms bonded to it, and one lone pair of electrons on phosphorus.

Front

How many valence electrons does chlorine (Cl) have?

Back

Chlorine (Cl) has 7 valence electrons.

Front

What is the correct Lewis structure for CH3Cl?

Back

The correct Lewis structure for CH3Cl has carbon (C) in the center bonded to three hydrogen (H) atoms and one chlorine (Cl) atom.

Front

What is the molecular structure of carbon dioxide (CO2)?

Back

The molecular structure of carbon dioxide (CO2) consists of a carbon (C) atom double bonded to two oxygen (O) atoms.