Renal Physio Countercurrent Mechanism

Front

Which of the following changes would most likely increase the efficiency of the countercurrent multiplier system?

1. Increased blood flow in the vasa recta

, Increased permeability of the thick ascending limb to water, Increased Na+/K+/2Cl- transporter activity in the thick ascending limb, Decreased ADH secretion

Back

Increased Na+/K+/2Cl- transporter activity in the thick ascending limb

Front

Descending limb is permeable to water but not to salt.

Back

True

Front

The thick ascending limb is permeable to salts but not water.

Back

True

Front

Stimulus of ADH (Antidiuretic Hormone) release: Raised plasma osmolality

Back

Raised plasma osmolality

Front

Which structures in the nephron are responsible for establishing the countercurrent mechanism? Options: Henle’s loop and Vasa Recta, PCT and DCT, Glomerulus and Bowman’s Capsule, Collecting Ducts and Tubules

Back

Henle’s loop and Vasa Recta

Front

Which of the following is not a feature of a counter-current mechanism?
1. Helps in maintaining the osmotic gradient in the medullary interstitium
2. Helps in making the passage of water easier
3. Helps in concentrating the urine
4. Helps in diluting the urine

Back

Helps in making the passage of water easier

Front

What is the primary function of the countercurrent multiplier system in the loop of Henle?

Back

To establish a hyperosmotic medullary interstitium for water reabsorption.

Front

Which of the following best explains why the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle is critical to the countercurrent multiplier system?

1. It is highly permeable to water, allowing for passive water reabsorption

,

1. It actively reabsorbs solutes while being impermeable to water

, It secretes ADH to regulate collecting duct permeability,

1. It passively reabsorbs urea to contribute to the corticomedullary gradient

Back

It actively reabsorbs solutes while being impermeable to water

Front

Which structure functions as the countercurrent exchanger maintains the medullary osmotic gradient established by the loop of Henle?

Back

Vasa recta

Front

Which of the following statements about the countercurrent exchange system in the kidney is TRUE?

1. The countercurrent exchange in the vasa recta helps maintain the medullary concentration gradient

Back

The countercurrent exchange in the vasa recta helps maintain the medullary concentration gradient.