DNA Replication, Cell Cycle, Stem Cells, and Cancer

Front

DNA replication always occurs in this direction:

Back

5' --> 3'

Front

The cell cycle is essential to life because it:

Back

makes identical copies of somatic cells

Front

Bead-like proteins that help to form chromosomes by wrapping DNA around them are called:

Back

histones

Front

What is a mistake called when copying DNA?

Back

Mutation

Front

Small segments of DNA made on the lagging strand are called:

Back

Okazaki Fragments

Front

What is the role of DNA polymerase in DNA replication?

Back

DNA polymerase synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides complementary to the template strand.

Front

What are the four main stages of the cell cycle?

Back

G1 phase, S phase, G2 phase, and M phase.

Front

What is the significance of telomeres in DNA replication?

Back

Telomeres protect the ends of chromosomes from deterioration and prevent them from fusing with each other.

Front

What is the difference between somatic cells and gametes?

Back

Somatic cells are body cells that are diploid, while gametes are reproductive cells that are haploid.

Front

What is a chromatid?

Back

A chromatid is one half of a duplicated chromosome, which is joined to its sister chromatid at the centromere.