Punnets and Pedigrees

Front

What is a Punnett Square?

Back

A Punnett Square is a diagram used to predict the outcome of a genetic cross by showing the possible combinations of alleles from the parents.

Front

What does genotype mean?

Back

Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an individual, specifically the alleles they possess for a particular trait.

Front

What is a phenotype?

Back

Phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by both genetic makeup and environmental influences.

Front

What does it mean for a trait to be dominant?

Back

A dominant trait is one that is expressed in the phenotype even when only one copy of the allele is present.

Front

What does it mean for a trait to be recessive?

Back

A recessive trait is one that is only expressed in the phenotype when two copies of the allele are present.

Front

What is the significance of heterozygous genotypes?

Back

Heterozygous genotypes contain two different alleles for a trait, which can result in a dominant phenotype.

Front

What is the significance of homozygous genotypes?

Back

Homozygous genotypes have two identical alleles for a trait, which can be either dominant or recessive.

Front

What is a pedigree chart?

Back

A pedigree chart is a diagram that shows the occurrence and appearance of phenotypes of a particular gene or organism and its ancestors.

Front

How do you determine the probability of offspring traits?

Back

The probability of offspring traits can be determined using a Punnett Square to visualize the possible allele combinations.

Front

What does it mean if a trait is codominant?

Back

Codominance occurs when both alleles in a heterozygous genotype are fully expressed, resulting in a phenotype that shows both traits.