Pedigree

Front

What is a pedigree?

Back

A pedigree is a diagram that shows the occurrence and appearance of phenotypes of a particular gene or organism and its ancestors, often used to track genetic traits.

Front

What does it mean if a trait is recessive in a pedigree?

Back

A recessive trait is one that requires two copies of the recessive allele (hh) for the trait to be expressed in the phenotype.

Front

What is the genotype of an individual with a recessive disorder?

Back

The genotype must be homozygous recessive (hh) to express a recessive disorder.

Front

What are mutations?

Back

Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in traits. They can be harmful, beneficial, or neutral.

Front

How can mutations affect offspring?

Back

Mutations can be passed on to offspring only if they occur in germ cells during meiosis.

Front

What is a carrier in genetics?

Back

A carrier is an individual who has one copy of a recessive allele (Hh) but does not express the trait.

Front

How many generations can a pedigree show?

Back

A pedigree can show multiple generations, often represented in a vertical format.

Front

What is the significance of the number of carriers in a pedigree?

Back

The number of carriers indicates how many individuals can pass on a recessive trait without expressing it.

Front

What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?

Back

Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells, while meiosis is the process that produces gametes with half the number of chromosomes.

Front

What does it mean for a mutation to be beneficial?

Back

A beneficial mutation is one that provides an advantage to the organism, potentially improving survival or reproduction.