-Plasma is the liquid part of the blood -It carries the blood cells through the blood vessels -It contains many dissolved substances, such as carbon dioxide and glucose

circulation of blood within an organ or tissue

What is hypoperfusion?

Decreased blood flow through an organ. Can lead to death

As per NYS DOH, what are the 3 steps in controlling bleeding?

1. Direct pressure/elevation 2. Pressure bandage 3. Tourniquet

What can cause epistaxis?

high blood pressure, fractured skull, digital trauma :)

How do you treat epistaxis?

Pinch the fleshy portion of the nostrils together and lean forward.

If you have a trauma patient with black, tarry stools, what does this indicate?

Old blood in their digestive system

When you are palpating a patient's abdomen and it is rigid, what should you suspect is going on with this patient?

They have blood in their abdomen

inadequate tissue perfusion leading to inadequate oxygen delivery.

What 3 things can cause perfusion to fail?

1. heart fails as a pump 2. blood vessels dilate 3. loss of volume

What are the 3 major types of shock?

1. hypovolemic shock 2. cardiogenic shock 3. distributive shock

What are the 2 different types of hypovolemic shock?

1. hemorrhagic shock 2. metabolic shock

What are 3 early signs and symptoms of shock?

1. restlessness/anxiety 2. cool/clammy skin 3. weak, rapid pulse

What is a type of injury that can cause metabolic shock?

A patient with burn or dehydration

With cardiogenic shock, what medical emergency might the patient be experiencing?

myocardial infarction/heart attack

What are the 4 different types of distributive shock?

1. anaphylactic shock 2. neurogenic shock 3. septic shock 4. psychogenic shock

Why does a patient go into neurogenic shock?

spinal cord is severed; caused an uncontrolled dilation of the blood vessels and it causes the BP to drop.

Why does a patient go into anaphylactic shock?

The allergen or toxin in the body causes their blood vessels to dilate and causes the B/P to drop.

What type of injury are tourniquets best used on?

Amputations and uncontrolled bleeding

What can cause septic shock?

Infections/Urinary tract infections; bacteria/toxins get into the blood and can cause the B/P to drop.

With neurogenic shock, how does the patient's skin appear?

Dry and may be warm; not your typical cool/clammy you see in most shock patients

With psychogenic shock, what might the patient do because of this?

Have syncope; due to the stressful event.

What are signs and symptoms of shock?

1. restlessness/anxiety 2. thirst 3. rapid/weak pulse 4. cool/clammy skin 5. cap refill >2 seconds - for children 6. dropping B/P - late sign 7. nausea/vomiting

What is compensated shock?

Early shock, when the patient is developing shock but the body is still able to maintain perfusion

What is decompensated shock?

When the organs of the body start to fail and BP begins to fall.

What is irreversible shock?

severe organ damage unlikely to survive

What is the Golden Hour?

time from injury to time of surgery

Trauma Unit Hamburg High School EMT Flashcards

Student preview

190 questions

Show all answers

1.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Which way do arteries carry blood?

Back

Arteries carry blood away from the heart.

2.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

The pulmonary artery carried blood high in what; oxygen or carbon dioxide?

Back

carbon dioxide

3.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Which way do veins carry blood?

Back

towards the heart

4.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

The pulmonary vein carries blood high in what; oxygen or carbon dioxide?

Back

oxygen

5.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

How much blood does a male have?

Back

5-6 liters

6.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

How much blood does a female have?

Back

4-5 liters

7.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What would be considered significant blood loss in an adult?

Back

1 liter

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