2.38 Genetic Variation: Flashcard

Front

What is a spermatogonium?

Back

A diploid cell that undergoes meiosis to produce sperm cells.

Front

What is the purpose of meiosis?

Back

To create genetic diversity in offspring.

Front

What are gametes?

Back

Sex cells, including sperm and egg cells.

Front

Why do all mitochondria originate from the mother?

Back

During fertilization, only the head of the sperm enters the ovum.

Front

Are all sperm and egg cells genetically identical?

Back

FALSE; they are genetically diverse due to meiosis.

Front

What is genetic variation?

Back

Differences in DNA among individuals, which can lead to different traits.

Front

What is the role of chromosomes in genetics?

Back

They carry genetic information in the form of genes.

Front

What is a diploid cell?

Back

A cell that contains two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent.

Front

What is the significance of crossing over during meiosis?

Back

It increases genetic variation by exchanging genetic material between homologous chromosomes.

Front

What is fertilization?

Back

The process where a sperm cell and an egg cell combine to form a zygote.