Passive & Active Transport Review

Front

What is passive transport?

Back

Passive transport is the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy. It relies on the concentration gradient, moving substances from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration.

Front

What is active transport?

Back

Active transport is the movement of substances across a cell membrane using energy, usually in the form of ATP. It moves substances against their concentration gradient, from areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration.

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration.

Front

What is diffusion?

Back

Diffusion is the process by which molecules spread from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration until equilibrium is reached.

Front

What is facilitated diffusion?

Back

Facilitated diffusion is a type of passive transport that uses transport proteins to help move substances across the cell membrane without using energy.

Front

What happens to a cell in a hypertonic solution?

Back

In a hypertonic solution, water moves out of the cell, causing the cell to shrink.

Front

What happens to a cell in a hypotonic solution?

Back

In a hypotonic solution, water moves into the cell, causing the cell to swell and potentially burst.

Front

What is a selectively permeable membrane?

Back

A selectively permeable membrane is a barrier that allows certain substances to pass through while blocking others, crucial for maintaining homeostasis in cells.

Front

What role do proteins play in active transport?

Back

Proteins, specifically transport proteins, are essential in active transport as they help move substances across the membrane against their concentration gradient using energy.

Front

What is the difference between passive and active transport?

Back

The main difference is that passive transport does not require energy and moves substances down their concentration gradient, while active transport requires energy and moves substances against their concentration gradient.