Mitosis and Meiosis

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What is Mitosis?

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Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells, each having the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

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What is Meiosis?

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Meiosis is a type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, resulting in four genetically diverse gametes (sperm or eggs).

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Why is DNA replication important before cell division?

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DNA replication is crucial before cell division to ensure that genetic information is accurately transferred to daughter cells.

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What is a Chromosome?

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A chromosome is a long, thread-like structure made of DNA and proteins that contains genetic information.

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What is a Chromatid?

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A chromatid is one half of a duplicated chromosome, which is joined to its sister chromatid by a centromere.

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What is a Centromere?

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A centromere is the region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids are joined together.

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What is the first phase of Mitosis?

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The first phase of Mitosis is Prophase, where the chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes and the nuclear envelope begins to break down.

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What happens during Metaphase?

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During Metaphase, chromosomes align at the cell's equatorial plane, and spindle fibers attach to the centromeres.

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What occurs during Anaphase?

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During Anaphase, sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell.

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What is Telophase?

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Telophase is the final phase of Mitosis where the chromosomes de-condense, and the nuclear envelope re-forms around each set of chromosomes.