Physical Sciences Test 1 Complete

Front

What are intermolecular forces?

Back

Intermolecular forces are the forces of attraction or repulsion between neighboring particles (molecules, atoms, or ions). They play a crucial role in determining the physical properties of substances, such as boiling and melting points.

Front

How do intermolecular forces affect boiling points?

Back

Substances with stronger intermolecular forces generally have higher boiling points because more energy is required to overcome these forces during the phase change from liquid to gas.

Front

What is the significance of comparing H₂O and CH₄ in terms of intermolecular forces?

Back

H₂O has strong hydrogen bonds (a type of intermolecular force), while CH₄ has weak London dispersion forces. This significant difference in intermolecular forces leads to a much higher boiling point for H₂O compared to CH₄.

Front

What is Newton's law of universal gravitation?

Back

Newton's law of universal gravitation states that every point mass attracts every other point mass in the universe with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers.

Front

What is the formula for gravitational force according to Newton's law?

Back

Front

What happens to gravitational force if the distance between two masses increases?

Back

If the distance between two masses increases, the gravitational force decreases, as it is inversely proportional to the square of the distance.

Front

What is the effect of increasing the mass of a star on the gravitational force it exerts on a planet?

Back

If the mass of a star increases, the gravitational force it exerts on a planet also increases, as gravitational force is directly proportional to the mass of the objects.

Front

What is the relationship between mass and gravitational force?

Back

Gravitational force increases with an increase in mass and decreases with an increase in distance between the masses.

Front

What are the types of intermolecular forces?

Back

The main types of intermolecular forces are hydrogen bonds, dipole-dipole interactions, and London dispersion forces.

Front

What is a hydrogen bond?

Back

A hydrogen bond is a strong type of dipole-dipole interaction that occurs when a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to a highly electronegative atom (like O, N, or F) is attracted to another electronegative atom.