Biology Category 4 Biological Processes

Front

What is cellular respiration?

Back

Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy (ATP), carbon dioxide, and water. It occurs in three main stages: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain.

Front

Define photosynthesis.

Back

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy, usually from the sun, into chemical energy in the form of glucose, using carbon dioxide and water.

Front

What is the role of enzymes in biological processes?

Back

Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in cells by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur.

Front

Explain the concept of homeostasis.

Back

Homeostasis is the ability of an organism to maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in external conditions. This includes regulation of temperature, pH, and other vital conditions.

Front

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Back

The cell membrane is a protective barrier that regulates what enters and exits the cell, maintaining the internal environment and facilitating communication with other cells.

Front

Define diffusion.

Back

Diffusion is the passive movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration until equilibrium is reached.

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Front

Describe the process of mitosis.

Back

Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. It consists of several phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

Front

What is the significance of DNA replication?

Back

DNA replication is crucial for cell division, ensuring that each daughter cell receives an exact copy of the parent cell's genetic material.

Front

Define the term 'ecosystem'.

Back

An ecosystem is a community of living organisms interacting with their physical environment, including both biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components.