Evidence of Evolution Review Flashcards

Front

What is a fossil?

Back

Remains of organisms preserved in the earth

Answer explanation

A fossil is defined as the remains of organisms preserved in the earth, which can include bones, shells, and imprints. This distinguishes it from minerals, living organisms, or types of rock.

Front

What does the fossil record represent?

Back

Total number of fossils discovered

Answer explanation

The fossil record represents the total number of fossils discovered, providing insight into the history of life on Earth and the diversity of organisms that existed at different times.

Front

What is the geologic time scale?

Back

A system of chronological measurement of Earth's history

Answer explanation

The geologic time scale is a system of chronological measurement that organizes Earth's history into different time intervals, helping to understand the timing and relationships of events in Earth's past.

Front

What is evolution?

Back

The process through which species change over time

Answer explanation

Evolution is defined as the process through which species change over time, leading to adaptations and the emergence of new species. This choice accurately captures the essence of evolution compared to the other options.

Front

According to the law of superposition, where are older fossils found?

Back

In the deeper layers of sedimentary rock

Answer explanation

According to the law of superposition, in sedimentary rock layers, older fossils are found in the deeper layers, while younger fossils are located in the upper layers. Therefore, the correct answer is 'In the deeper layers of sedimentary rock'.

Front

What is a common ancestor?

Back

An ancestor that two or more descendants have in common

Answer explanation

A common ancestor is defined as an ancestor that two or more descendants share. This concept is crucial in understanding evolutionary relationships, distinguishing it from modern species, fossils, or extinct species.

Front

What is relative dating?

Back

Estimation of fossil age based on rock layer comparison

Answer explanation

Relative dating is the estimation of a fossil's age by comparing the rock layers in which it is found. This method does not provide an exact age but helps establish a sequence of events in geological history.

Front

What is radioactive dating?

Back

A method to find the exact age of a fossil

Answer explanation

Radioactive dating is a method used to find the exact age of a fossil by measuring the decay of radioactive isotopes within it, providing precise age estimates.

Front

What do fossils provide evidence of?

Back

Common ancestry and evolution

Answer explanation

Fossils provide evidence of common ancestry and evolution by showing how species have changed over time and how different organisms are related through shared characteristics.

Front

What are vestigial structures?

Back

Physical structures reduced and unused in later species

Answer explanation

Vestigial structures are physical structures that have diminished in size and function over time in later species, indicating evolutionary changes. The correct choice highlights this concept accurately.