Acids and Bases

Front

What is the definition of an acid?

Back

An acid is a substance that donates protons (H+) in a solution and has a pH less than 7.

Front

What is the definition of a base?

Back

A base is a substance that accepts protons (H+) or donates hydroxide ions (OH-) in a solution and has a pH greater than 7.

Front

What is pH?

Back

pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution, calculated as the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration: pH = -log[H+].

Front

What is pOH?

Back

pOH is a measure of the hydroxide ion concentration in a solution, calculated as pOH = -log[OH-].

Front

What is the relationship between pH and pOH?

Back

pH + pOH = 14 at 25°C.

Front

What does a pH of 7 indicate?

Back

A pH of 7 indicates a neutral solution, where the concentrations of H+ and OH- are equal.

Front

What is an indicator in a titration?

Back

An indicator is a substance that changes color at a specific pH range, signaling the end point of a titration.

Front

What is the formula for calculating molarity (M)?

Back

Molarity (M) = moles of solute / liters of solution.

Front

How do you calculate the concentration of H+ from pH?

Back

[H+] = 10^(-pH).

Front

How do you calculate the concentration of OH- from pOH?

Back

[OH-] = 10^(-pOH).