AP Physics 1 Review

Front

What is the direction and magnitude of acceleration for an object thrown vertically upward near Earth's surface?

Back

The acceleration is downward and constant due to gravity.

Front

What happens to the total energy in the ball+Earth system when a quarterback throws a Hail Mary?

Back

The total energy isn't changing, as energy is conserved in the absence of friction and air resistance.

Front

In which cases is the sum of the forces on an object zero?

Back

The sum of the forces is zero in cases I and II, indicating constant velocity.

Front

What explains the gain in speed of Mars as it gets closer to the Sun in its elliptical orbit?

Back

As Mars gets closer to the Sun, the Mars–Sun system loses potential energy and Mars gains kinetic energy.

Front

What is the formula for orbital speed of a planet in circular orbit?

Back

The orbital speed v = 2πr / T, where r is the radius and T is the period.

Front

What is the gravitational force between two masses?

Back

The gravitational force F = GMm / r², where G is the gravitational constant, M and m are the masses, and r is the distance between their centers.

Front

What is the relationship between orbital radius and period for a planet orbiting a star?

Back

If the orbital radius r increases, the period T also increases.

Front

What is the principle of conservation of energy in a closed system?

Back

In a closed system, the total energy remains constant; energy can neither be created nor destroyed.

Front

What is the significance of a free-body diagram in physics?

Back

A free-body diagram helps visualize the forces acting on an object, aiding in the analysis of motion.

Front

What is Newton's first law of motion?

Back

An object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by a net external force.