Biology EOC prep test

Front

What is crossing-over in genetics?

Back

Crossing-over is a process during meiosis where homologous chromosomes exchange segments of genetic material, leading to genetic variation in gametes.

Front

What does it mean for a trait to be dominant?

Back

A dominant trait is one that is expressed in the phenotype even when only one copy of the allele is present.

Front

What is the final phase of mitosis called?

Back

Telophase is the final phase of mitosis where the chromosomes arrive at opposite poles and the cell begins to divide.

Front

What are proteins made of?

Back

Proteins are made of monomers called amino acids.

Front

What are the two main products of photosynthesis?

Back

The two main products of photosynthesis are oxygen and glucose.

Front

What is the role of sister chromatids during cell division?

Back

Sister chromatids are identical copies of a chromosome that are separated during cell division to ensure each daughter cell receives an identical set of chromosomes.

Front

Define mutation in genetics.

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence of a gene, which can lead to changes in the structure and function of the resulting protein.

Front

What is the significance of segregation in genetics?

Back

Segregation refers to the separation of alleles during gamete formation, ensuring that offspring receive one allele from each parent.

Front

What is the function of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?

Back

Chlorophyll is a pigment in plants that absorbs light energy, primarily from the sun, to drive the process of photosynthesis.

Front

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Back

Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, while phenotype refers to the observable traits or characteristics.